Inyigisho yo ku cyumweru cya 2 cya Adiventi, B

Ku ya 07 Ukuboza 2014

Bavandimwe, Yezu Kristu akuzwe !

Tugeze ku cyumweru cya II cya Adventi, umwaka wa Liturjia B. Nimucyo twongerere twiyibutse Adventi icyo ari kugira ngo turusheho guhugukirwa n’imyiteguro turimo. Adventi bikomoka ku ijambo ry’ikilatini «Adventus» , n’ikigereki „ parousia „ bisobanura igikorwa cyo gutegereza ukuza cyangwa amaza. Mbere mu Bagereki n’Abanyaroma, byasobanuraga ugutegereza igihe umushyitsi ukomeye azazira cyangwa bikavuga igihe umwami ukomeye runaka yaziye aje kwima ingoma ( Ex: Adventus Caesaris Augusti: igihe Sezari yaziye kwima ingoma). Iryo jambo Abakristu ba mbere barigize iryabo bashaka kuvuga amaza y’Umwami wacu Yezu Kristu (igihe yavukiye i Betelehemu) ndetse mu kinyejana cya IVe rihinduka nk’umwihariko wabo. Cyakora kwizihiza Adventi nk’igihe cyo kwitegura ayo maza byo bikomoka muri Gaule (Ubufransa bw’ubu) no muri Espagne ahagana mu myaka ya 380 nk’uko Konsili ya Saragose ibihamya. I Roma ho Adventi yatangiye kwizihizwa mu kinyejana cya VI.

Mu kwizihiza Adventi tugomba kumenya ko ari ukwitegura iminsi mikuru ya Noheli n’Ukwigaragaza kwa Nyagasani kuko muri yo Umukiza yigaragariza Israheli akigarariza n’amahanga yose. Uko kwigaragaza tukaba tuguhimbaza mu bihe bibiri:

Igihe cya 1: Ukuza kwa Kristu (kwa mbere) yigira umuntu akinjira mu mateka y’abantu ubwo yavukiraga i Betelehemu (avent historique): tariki 17-24/12;
Igihe cya 2: Ukuza kwa Kristu (kwa kabiri) igihe Kristu azagaruka bwa nyuma aje gucira imanza abazima n’abapfuye (avent eschatologique ): kuva ku cyumweru cya 1 kugera tariki 16/12.

Nyamara Kristu waje mu mateka y’abantu akaba azanagaruka ku munsi wa nyuma ni na We uhora aza buri munsi ari na yo mpamvu no muri iki gihe cya Adventi tugomba guhora turi maso ngo tumwakire. (C’est l’avent intermédiaire).

Inyigisho Adventi igomba kudusigira igomba kuba ikubiye mu bice bine by’ingenzi:

Guhinduka (metanoia) nk’uko Yohani Batista abigarukaho kenshi;
Gusubira mu buzima bwa buri munsi tukivugurura buri wese ku giti cye ndetse no mu ngo z’ababana ari abashakanye ari n‘abihayimana;
Gugukira indangagaciro twigishwa n’Inkuru Nziza nk’urukundo ,ubutabera , amahoro, ubuntu, ubwumvikane, imico myiza,…
Kugerageza gukurikiza imibereho myiza twigishwa n’abantu liturgia yita ”Inyamibwa za Adventi“ nka Bikira Mariya na Yohani Batista…

Bavandimwe rero ni muri urwo rwego kuri iki cyumweru cya 2 cya adventi Umuhanuzi Izayi aturarikira kwiyumvamo ihumure nka rya rindi Uhoraho yagobotoreye Umuryango we wari warajyanywe bunyago i Babiloni. Aragira ati; „ nimuhumurize Umuryango wanjye, nimuwuhumurize – ni ko Imana ivuze. Nimukomeze Yeruzalemu muyimenyeshe ko ubucakara bwayo burangiye,…(Iz40,1-2)“. Iki cyumweru uwacyita Icyumweru cy’ihumure ntabwo yaba yibeshye. Nyagasani ubwe aratugaragariza icyemezo yafashe cyo kuduhumuriza mu magorwa tubamo yose, mu bibazo tugira, mu nzitizi zose z’ubu buzima. Nguwo araje ngaho nitumwitegure nk’umushyitsi ukomeye kugira ngo ihumure atuzaniye ritazaduca mu myanya y’intoki. Nicyo gituma Izayi avuga ati: „ Nimutegure mu butayu inzira z’Uhoraho…“ ari na byo Ibaruwa ya kabiri ya Petero yatubwiraga iti:“ Ni koko Nyagasani ntatinze kurangiza isezerano rye…n’umunsi we ntuzatinda. Ni yo mpamvu , mu gihe mugitegereje ibyo mugomba gukora uko mushoboye kose kugira ngo Nyagasani azabasange mu mahoro, muri abaziranenge n’inyangamugayo.“ 2Pet3,14).

By’umwihariko rero, n’ubwo ngo Nyagasani azaza atunguranye, kuko ari umushyitsi w’imena hagomba kuboneka ibimenyetso bizamubanziriza. Ni ngombwa integuza ye. Ni yo mpamvu iki cyumweru kiturarikira guhanga amaso Yohani Batista nk’integuza y’intungane y’umukiza wacu akaba n’umuhanuzi w’ikirangirire mu bandi bahanuzi bose. Reka turebere hamwe uwo Yohani Batista ari we n’ubutumwa adusigira muri iki cyumweru ndetse no muri iki gihe cya Adenti muri rusange.

1. Yohani Batista ni intungane koko

Yohani akiri muto,Imana yamuhaye ingabire nyinshi:

Yavutse ku buryo budasanzwe ndetse bw’igitangazakuko yabyawe n’ababyeyi bashaje batari bakizeye urubyaro.(Lk1,18);
Malayika Gabrieli yavuze ko azatera ibyishimo n’umunezero ababyeyi be kandi benshi bakazashimishwa n’ivuka rye kuko azaba umuntu ukomeye mu maso ya Nyagasani. Ngo „ azagarura bantu benshi kuri Nyagasani Imana yabo, kandi azagenda imbere y’Imana arangwa n’umutima n’ubushobozi nk’ibya Eliya, agirango yunge ababyeyi n’abana babo, ab’ibigande abagire intungane , maze ategurire atyo Nyagasani Umuryango umutunganiye“ (Lk1,16-17).
Yohani akiri mu nda ya nyina yuzuye Roho Mutagatifu igihe Mariya na Elizabeti bahuye bakaramukanya. Ibyo bivuga ko Imana yamutatse ingabire nyinshi ataranavuka.(Lk1,15)
Imana ubwayo yamuhaye izina rya Yohani risobanura ngo Imana yatubababariye. Imana yatugiriye impuhwe. Ubwo yamwihereye izina rero, ni uwayo bwite.

Yohani amaze gukura, yigaragaje nk’umuntu w’intungane koko: ngo yiberaga mu butayu, akirira isanane n’ubuki bw’ubuhura, akiyambarira uruhu rw’ingamiya agakenyeza umukandara. Yohani atwigisha kwirinda agakabyo mu dukenera byo ku isi. Icy’ingenzi ni ugutunga Imana. Yezu ubwe yamwemeyeho umuhanuzi w’agatangaza. Ati:“ …mwari mwagiye kureba iki?… mu bana babyawe n’abagore ntihigeze kuboneka uruta Yohani.“ (Mt11,7-11).

Yohani yarasengaga cyane, agatoza n’abandi gusenga. Yabyigishishije abigishwa be ari na yo mpamvu abigishwa ba Yezu bamubwiye bati: „Mwigiha, twigishe gusenga nk’ko Yohani yabyigishije abigishwa be.(Lk11,1).

Yohani yicishaga bugufi cyane ku buryo yumvaga adakwiye kuba n’umugaragu wa Yezu ni uko aravuga ati: „…uje ankurikiye arakomeye, sinshobora no guhambura udushumi tw’inkweto ze (Yh1,27), kuko ni we ugomba gukura, jye ngaca bugufi“ (Yh3,30).

Yohani yariyibagirwaga cyane: yanatanze n’abigishwa be b’imena (Yohani na Andreya) ngo bakurikire Yezu we bamwihorere (Yh 1,35-37).

Kubera izi mpamvu zose, Yohani baramwitegerezaga bakamwita intungane n’umuntu watanze urugero rutazibagirana. Ndetse n’abakristu ba mbere ntibigishaga ibya Yezu batibukije imibereho Yohani (Int13,22-26). Koko rero Imana yamutoreye kuba umuranga n’inshuti by’Umwana wayo Yezu Kristu. Ni na byo Yohani avuga agira ati:“Umukwe ni we nyir’umugeni naho umuherekeza w’umukwe akaba iruhande rwe, akamutega amatwi, agahimbazwa no kumva ijwi rye; ngibyo ibyishimo binsabye“ (Yh 3,29).

2. Yohani Batisita, umuhanuzi w’ikirangirire

Yohani yateguye imitima y’abantu ngo bakire umukiza wabo. Imana ubwayo yamwihamagariye mu butayu yuzuza Ibyanditswe bitagatifu nk’uko Ivanjiri ya Luka ibitubwira: „…agenda yigisha ukwisubiraho bakabatizwa ngo bababarirwe ibyaha byabo nk’uko Izayi yavuze ati: Nimutegure inzira ya Nyagasani…(Lk 3,4). Yigisha cyane kwanga ibyaha no mu magambo akakaye (Lk3,12-14)… agira ati:“ Mwa nyoko z’impiri mwe, ni nde wababwirije guhunga uburakari bwegereje? Noneho nimugaragaze imigenzereze ikwiranye n’ukwisubiraho (Mt3,7-8). Inyigisho ze zishishikariza kwihana zatumye benshi bemera, ategura atyo inzira ya Nyagasani. Natwe nitwemere ko inyigisho duhabwa zidushyigura, ziduhindure abantu bashya.

Yohani yujuje umurimo we nk’umuhanuzi igihe yeretse Yezu rubanda ati:“ Dore Ntama w’Imana dore ukiza ibyaha by’abantu(Yh1,29) ahamya atyo ko umukiro Yezu azaniye abantu atari ubukungu n’icyubahiro by’isi, ko ahubwo ari ugukira ibyaha n’ubucakara bya sekibi.

Igihe cy’ingenzi cya Yohani ni igihe abatije Yezu. Uretse we, nta wundi muhanuzi tubiziho. Yohani amubera umugabo n’intumwa ya mbere, aravuga ati: „Naramwiboneye ubwanjye kandi ndahamya ko ari we Mwana w’Imana“(Jn 1,34). Aha Yohani atwigisha natwe kumwirebera. Ngaho nitumwirebere natwe tumubone duhamye ko ari we Mwana w’Imana koko. Buri wese narebe mu buzima bwe arebe niba yaramubonye…akanyurwa…ni uko abihamye. Ubuzima bwacu bwagombye kuba nk’igisingizo gihamya uwo twiboneye, akatunyura tukumva tutabiceceka.

3. Imipfire ya Yohani

Yohani arangije umurimo we wo guhamya ibyerekeye Yezu, kumwerekana no kumuha abigishwa be, yafashwe n’umwami Herodi, arafungwa azira kuvugisha ukuri no guharanira ubutabera kugeza ku ndunduro. Ndetse n’aho yari afungiye, yakomeje guhamya ukuri ashize amanga akaburira umwami Herodi ati: „Kirazira gucyura umugore w’umuvandimwe wawe(Mk6,18). Adventi itwibutse ko natwe tugomba guharanira ukuri n’ubutabera mu bantu kandi tukabikora dushize amanga.

Nyamara n’ubwo bwose yari intungane n’umuhanuzi w’ikirangirire, ntitwabura no gusanga ko mu buzima bwa Yohani, cyane cyane mu bihe bya nyuma, yaba yaribajije byinshi kuri we no ku Mukiza yaje guteguriza amayira. Ubwo yari mu buroko ababazwa ni bwo yatumye abigishwa kujya kumubariza Yezu ati: „ Koko uri Wa wundi ugomba kuza, cyangwa dutegereze undi? (Lk 7,19). „ Ah! Aho ntari kwibaza impamvu umukiro uwo Mukiza azanye waba utari kumugeraho aho ari gutikirira muri gereza? Yihebye pe! Ameze nk’uwiyanze. Aha ariko hatwereke neza ko Yohani hari aho ahuriye n’abandi bahanuzi bamubanjirije. Twibuke Umuhanuzi Eliya yisabira gupfa igihe yahungaga umwamikazi Yezabeli wamuhigaga ngo amwice amaze gutura igitambo Uhoraho ku musozi wa Karumeli( 1Bami19,4). Bitwibutse na none umuhanuzi Yeremiya avuga ati:“ Nyagasani warangwatiriye undusha amaboko, nanjye nemera gutwarwa (Yr20,7) ashaka nko kuvuga ati: „Yewe, sinari nzi ko burya ari uku bimeze, Uhoraho warambeshye rwose“. Twibuke kandi Musa ubwo yananizwaga n’imbaga akabwira Uhoraho ati: …yenda unyiyicire aho gukomeza kugendana na bo… „. Yohani na we aragaragaza ishusho nk’iy’abandi Bahanuzi. Hari ubwo natwe dushobora kugira ibitunaniza n’ubwo bwose twaba dukora iyo bwabaga ngo tunogere Imana tukaba twageza aho kubwira Imana tuti:“ Nyagasani ko nta ko ntagize, ungenje ute? Nkorwe n’ikimwaro kandi narakwiringiye? Ko utandwanaho bite? Ni ibyo byawe? Ariko uri nde koko?… „

Mu gisubizo Yezu yahaye intumwa za Yohani ni ho dusanga ibisubizo by’ibyo bibazo byose Abahanuzi bagira natwe ndetse twaba dufite. Ngo“ Dore impumyi zirahumuka,abacumbagira baragenda, ababembe barahumanurwa, ibipfamatwi birumva, abapfuye barazuka, n’abakene barabwirwa Inkuru Nziza . Hahirwa utazatsitara ku mpamvu yanjye (Lk7,21-22).„ Mu yandi magambo „…haranira ubutabera, ko abatumva bumva, ko abatabona babona, …ko abakene bamenya Ivanjiri,…ko ukuri kuganza…ko amahoro asesekara kuri bose,… „ ibyo ubyitangire, ubitangire ubuzima bwawe, ingororano yawe izaba nyinshi mu ijuru.

Yohani yapfuye aciwe umutwe ngo kugira ngo aceceke. Nyamara ntawe ushobora gucecekesha Umuhanuzi ruhenu ngo byemere. N’iyo yapfa, ukuri yarwanagaho kurakomeza n’abamwishe bagahorana indishyi ku mutima.

Yohani yabaye umuhanuzi w’imperuka w’Isezerano rya kera, kadi aba n’intumwa ya mbere y’Isezerano rishya.Yujuje koko ibyaririmbwe na se Zakariya amucigatiye mu biganza ati:“ Naho wowe wa kana we, uzitwa umuhanuzi w’Umusumbabyose, kuko uzabanziriza uruhanga rwa Nyagasani ngo umutegurire inzira“( Lk1,76).

Yohani rero nayobore intambwe zacu mu nzira y‘amahoro (Lk1,79).

Icyumweru cyiza

Umubyeyi Bikira Mariya aduherekeze muri uru rugendo adusabira.

Padiri Léandre NSHIMYIYAREMYE